Subjective Well-being as Human Development

Document Type : علمی وپزوهشی

Author

Abstract

Despite the accepted research on the impact of genetic and neurological factors on the subjective well-being ,  some social science researchers have shown that social factors in explaining subjective well-being are more effective role than genetic factors. Inglehart has shown that 80 percent of subjective well-being can be explained by social and historical factors. This article will answer the question that whether social factors can explain subjective well-being. In order to assess the levels of subjective well-being among Iranian people in comparison with other countries we have used data from National universal values. The results show that the average Iranians subjective well-being is 61/65 that comparatively is below the Protestant countries with high levels of material welfare and higher than communist countries with low levels of material welfare. Factors affecting the subjective well-being include feeling healthy, having freedom in life and background variables of gender, income and marital status that confirms Inglehart’s and Easterlin’s opinions. Simultaneous entry of these factors in the ordinal logistic regression shows that these elements can explain the subjective well-being to the extent of 14/2 to 32/4 percent.

Keywords


  1. کتاب‌نامه‌ی فارسی

    1. آزاد ارمکی، تقی و غیاثوند، احمد. (1383). جامعه‌شناسی تغییرات فرهنگی در ایران. تهران: آن.
    2. اینگلهارت، رونالد. (1372). تحول فرهنگی در جامعه‌ی پیشرفته‌ی صنعتی. ترجمه‌ی مریم وتر. تهران: کویر.
    3. حبیب‌پور، کرم و صفری، رضا. (1388). راهنمای جامع کاربرد SPSS در تحقیقات پیمایشی (تحلیل داده‌های کمی). تهران: متفکران.

    کتاب‌نامه‌ی‌ لاتین

    1. Inglehart, R. (2002). "Gender, Aging and Subjective Well-Being".International Journal of ComparativeSociology. 43 (3- 5): 391– 408.
    2. Inglehart, R. & Klingemann, H. (2000). "Genes, Culture, Democracy, and Happiness" in Ed Diener and E. M. Suh (Eds.) Subjective Well-Being Across Cultures. Cambridge. MA: MIT Press: 165-183
    3. Conceicao, P. & Bandura, R. (2008). Measuring Subjective Well-Being: A Review of the Literature. United Nations Development Program (UNDP).
    4. Easterlin, R. (2003). "Explaining Happiness". Inaugural Articles by members of the National Academy of Sciences. PNAS. 100(19): 11176-11183.
    5. Easterlin, R. (2004). "The Economics of Happiness". Daedalus. 133(2): 26-33
    6. The World Bank