This article aims at investigating and analyzing 50 selected wills of Iranian martyrs of Holly Defense and concentrates on particular discourses and their capacity of articulation using Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory. As a starting point for answering these questions, the pivotal axes and themes of these wills are extracted and then it is identified which signs have privileged position and how they are defined in their relations with other signs in that specific discourse. Besides, we have discussed what meanings are kept and fixed and also what potential meanings are excluded by these wills through putting the elements in certain relations with each other. The main themes and axes of the wills included: 'supreme leadership and Imam Khomeini', 'anti-imperialism', 'events of Karbala', 'Hijab', 'Friday prayer and collective prayer', 'negating mundane world' and 'mourning for Karbala martyrs instead of mourning for the martyrdom of the will writer. 'Supreme leadership and Imam Khomeini' is considered as the main signifier around which other signifiers are articulated and get meaning. According to Laclau and Mouffe, the meaning of peripheral signifiers is fixed by articulating them around the central signifier and main point. Hence, we can talk of 'Martyrs' discourse' which make warriors the subjects who think about nothing but afterlife; subjects who have already embraced death before they are really murdered and consider dying in the Holly Defense as dying in events of Karbala.
مقدمی، محمدتقی (1390)، «تحلیل گفتمان لاکلا و و موف و نقد آن». معرفت فرهنگی اجتماعی، سال دوم، شماره دوم، بهار، صفحات: 124 – 91.
مک دانل، دایان(1380). مقدمه ای بر نظریه گفتمان، ترجمه حسینعلی نوذری، تهران: نشر فرهنگ گفتمان؛
موسوی الخمینی، سید روح الله(1323). کشف اسرار، قم: انتشارات آزادی
موسوی الخمینی، سید روح الله(1363). جنگ و جهاد، تهران: انتشارات امیرکبیر؛
ولایتی، علی اکبر؛ تاریخ سیاسی جنگ،تهران، نشرفرهنگ اسلامی،1376.
کتابنامه لاتین
Crystal, d, 1992, an encyclopedic dictionary of language and languages, Blackwell
Fairclough, n. (1989). Language and power. London: longman
Fairclough, n. (1995a). critical discourse analysis. London: longman
Fairclough, n. (1995b). media discourse. London: Edward Arnold
Fairclough, n. 1992. Discourse and social change. London: polity press
Fairclough, n. and wodak, r.(1997). Critical discourse analysis. In t. van dijk (ed). Discourse as social interaction: discourse studies: a multidisciplinary introduction. Vol. 2. London: sage
Fasold, ralph. 1990, the sociolinguistics of language, Cambridge
Gee, g. p.(2000). An introduction to discourse analysis, London rutledge
Jorgensen, m. and Philips, l. (2002). Discourse analysis as theory and method. London: sage
Laclau, e, and mouffe, c. (1985). Hegemony and socialist strategy: towards a radical democratic politics. London: verso
Richards.jack et. Al, 1985, dictionary of applied linguistics, essex: longman
Saskia M. Gieling, “IRAQ vii. IRAN-IRAQ WAR,” Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition,December 15, 2006, available at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iraq-vii-iran-iraq-war
Rabiee, A., & Tamanaee, A. (2014). A discourse analysis of the martyrs’ will of the Iraqi imposed war on Iran. Sociological Review, 20(2), 161-186. doi: 10.22059/jsr.2014.56277
MLA
Ali Rabiee; Amirhossein Tamanaee. "A discourse analysis of the martyrs’ will of the Iraqi imposed war on Iran", Sociological Review, 20, 2, 2014, 161-186. doi: 10.22059/jsr.2014.56277
HARVARD
Rabiee, A., Tamanaee, A. (2014). 'A discourse analysis of the martyrs’ will of the Iraqi imposed war on Iran', Sociological Review, 20(2), pp. 161-186. doi: 10.22059/jsr.2014.56277
VANCOUVER
Rabiee, A., Tamanaee, A. A discourse analysis of the martyrs’ will of the Iraqi imposed war on Iran. Sociological Review, 2014; 20(2): 161-186. doi: 10.22059/jsr.2014.56277
)