«برای عشق، پول یا هر دو؟»مطالعه‌ کیفی منفعت‌طلبی زنانه در پارادایم جامعه‌شناسی اقتصادی جدید

نوع مقاله : علمی وپزوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، جامعه‌شناسی، گروه علوم‌اجتماعی، دانشکده علوم‌اجتماعی و اقتصاد، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران

چکیده

منفعت مفهومی غنی است که می‌تواند در حوزه­ها و پارادایم­های گوناگون به کار رود. اما اقتصاددانان با تقلیل­گرایی تنگ­نظرانه­ای همواره به نوع خاصی از منفعت، یعنی منفعت اقتصادی، اشاره دارند. در حالی که جامعه­شناسان بر روی انواع مختلف منافع تاکید می‌کنند. این مقاله قصد دارد فراتر از رویکرد جریان اصلی علم اقتصاد، به کمک رویکرد جامعه­شناسی اقتصادی جدید، ویژگی­های منفعت زنانه را در حوزه صنایع‌دستی مدرن در عصر دیجیتال کشف کند. این پژوهش کیفی_اکتشافی به این پرسش اساسی پاسخ خواهد داد که آیا زنان در کنش کارآفرینانه خود در حوزه صنایع­دستی مدرن به دنبال کسب یک نوع منفعت (عمدتا اقتصادی) هستند یا انواع منافع؟ و از خلال پاسخ به این پرسش به ابعاد گوناگون منفعت­طلبی زنانه نیز پرداخته خواهد شد. بنابراین مطالعه حاضر نشان می­دهد که زنان سازنده در این حوزه، نه به دلیل محرومیت و استیصال اقتصادی، بلکه برای کسب انواع منفعت (شامل منفعت استقلال طلبی، منفعت عاطفی، منفعت خودشکوفایی و منفعت شبکه­ای)دست به کارآفرینی زده‌اند. همچنین آنها انواع منافع را از طریق ایجاد ارتباطات شبکه‌ای در بستر شبکه­های مجازی تقویت کرده و از این طریق، پیامدهای حاصل از گفتمان زنانه را در بین اجتماع سازندگان صنایع‌دستی گسترش می­دهند. بر این مبنا کارآفرینی برای زنان یک نیاز برآمده از استیصال و اضطرار نیست بلکه یک انتخاب آگاهانه برای استقلال و تاییدی بر سوژه‌گی زنان در جامعه معاصر است. کارآفرینی فرصت تلاقی وفاداری به حوزه خصوصی از یک سو و مشارکت در حوزه عمومی از سوی دیگر را فراهم می‌سازد و همزمان منفعت فردی و جمعی را برای زنان به ارمغان آورده است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

"For love, money or both?" A qualitative study of female intrests in the paradigm of the new economic sociology

نویسنده [English]

  • zeinab shafiei
Assistant professor of sociology, Alzahra University
چکیده [English]

Interest is a rich concept that can be applied to a variety of areas and paradigms. But economists with narrow-minded reductionism always refer to a certain kind of interest (ie, utility). Sociologists, on the other hand, emphasize different types of interests. In this article, I intend to explore the characteristics of women's interests in the field of modern handicrafts in the digital age, beyond the mainstream approach of economics, with the help of the new economic sociology approach. In this qualitative-exploratory research, I will answer the fundamental question of whether women in their entrepreneurial action in the field of modern handicrafts seek to gain a kind of interest  (mainly economic) or a variety of interests? And by answering this question, I will also address the various dimensions of female interests.Thus, the present study shows that productive women in this field have started entrepreneurship not for economic deprivation and desperation, but for various interests  (including independence, emotional interest, self-fulfillment interest and network interest).They also reinforce a variety of interests through networking in the context of virtual networks, thereby spreading the implications of women's discourse among the craft community. Accordingly, entrepreneurship for women is not a need arising from despair and urgency, but a conscious choice for independence and affirmation of the subjectivity of women in contemporary society.Entrepreneurship provides an opportunity for intersection of loyalty to the private sphere on the one hand and participation in the public sphere on the other, while at the same time bringing individual and collective interests to women.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Economic Sociology
  • Interest
  • Women's Entrepreneurship
  • Economic Action
  • female's Interests

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مطالعات جامعه شناختی (نامه علوم اجتماعی سابق)
دوره 29، شماره 1
(مربوط به بهار و تابستان 1401)
خرداد 1401
صفحه 227-268

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