رفتارهای سلامت باروری و عوامل تعیین‌کننده آن در میان زنان مهاجر افغانستانی مقیم استان تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی وپزوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه جمعیت‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری جمعیت‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

10.22059/jsr.2023.329036.1684

چکیده

مهاجران اجباری و پناهندگان یکی از گروه‌های حساس در مطالعات و سیاست‌های سلامت باروری هستند. این مقاله به بررسی رفتارهای سلامت باروری و عوامل اجتماعی- جمعیتی مرتبط با آن در میان زنان افغانستانی ساکن در استان تهران می‌پردازد. داده‌ها به روش پیمایش و از طریق شیوه نمونه‌گیری چندمرحله‌ای با حجم نمونه 200 نفر از زنان دارای همسر مهاجر افغانستانی گردآوری شد. نتایج نشان داد حاملگی ناخواسته، سقط جنین، نرخ پایین پایین استفاده از روش‌های پیشگیری از بارداری، و شیوع بیماری‌های آمیزشی از مسائل و چالش‌های سلامت باروری زنان مهاجر افغانستانی در ایران است. همچنین، آگاهی و نگرش زنان مهاجر نسبت به ابعاد مختلف سلامت باروری پایین است و رفتارهای سنتی بهداشت باروری شایع است. نتایج تحلیل چندمتغیره نشان داد متغیرهای انطباق فرهنگی با جامعه ایران، وضعیت نسلی، پایگاه اقتصادی- اجتماعی خانوار، آگاهی و نگرش به سلامت باروری، بیشترین تأثیر را بر رفتارهای سلامت باروری زنان افغانستانی دارند. از اینرو، زنان مهاجر افغانستانی، از نظر دسترسی به خدمات بهداشت باروری، با محدودیت‌هایی مواجه بوده و به دلیل پایین بودن سطح آگاهی و تحصیلات با چالش‌های متعددی در این حوزه مواجه هستند. این وضعیت می‌تواند منجر به شیوع بیشتر بیماری‌ها و رفتارهای پرخطر سلامت باروری در میان مهاجران ‌شود. در این زمینه، رفع موانع ساختاری و فرهنگی دسترسی زنان افغانستانی به خدمات سلامت باروری پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Reproductive Health Behaviors of Afghan Immigrant Women and its Determinants in Tehran Province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rasoul Sadeghi 1
  • hosein mahmoudian 1
  • Mohamadreza Boroomandzadeh 2
1 . Department of Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD Student of Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Forced immigrants and refugees are one of the vulnerable groups in reproductive health studies and policies. Reproductive health issues and challenges are more pronounced in irregular migration. Therefore, this article examines the reproductive health behaviors of Afghan immigrant women and its related socio-demographic factors. The data was collected through a survey and through a multi-stage sampling method with a sample size of 200 Afghan married women in Tehran province. The results indicated that unintended pregnancies, abortions, low access and using of contraceptive, and sexually transmitted diseases are reproductive health issues and challenges of Afghan immigrant women in Iran. In addition, the awareness and attitude of immigrant women towards various aspects of reproductive health is low. The results of multivariate analysis showed that adaptation, generational status, household socio-economic status, awareness and attitudes towards reproductive health have the greatest impact on the reproductive health behaviors of Afghan women. Hence, Afghan women migrants face limitations, both in terms of social acceptance and access to and health services. This situation can lead to a higher prevalence of diseases and high-risk reproductive health behaviors among immigrants. It is suggested to eliminate structural and cultural barriers to access reproductive health services for Afghan women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Reproductive health
  • International migration
  • Adaptation
  • Generational status
  • Afghan women

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مطالعات جامعه شناختی (نامه علوم اجتماعی سابق)
دوره 30، شماره 1
(بهار و تابستان 1402)
شهریور 1402
صفحه 167-183

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